During this process the raw feedstock is dried and torrefied to prepare it for the pyrolysis reactor. The purpose of the drying process is to remove moisture to a required level by introducing hot gas at a temperature range of 100˚ C to 280˚C where carbonisation does not take place. The hydro-carbonaceous gas released in this process is distilled and collected as a condensable liquid commonly known as wood vinegar. Wood vinegar is also the main marketable by-product suitable for applications into human health, animal health, soil- and plant nutrition and health. Liquid tar is also collected as a lesser by-product.